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This work is limited to the study of two specific cases related to two opposing concepts (antonyms) that are frequently used in the analysis of stock markets both in the Spanish and French press. The concepts are sale-purchase or rise-fall with their designations used in Spanish and French, and are part of a larger project that includes the preparation of a stock exchange glossary which we intend to keep constantly updated. Dynamism is a characteristic of economic and financial language and we intend to perform the following actions through it: teach how to resolve specific translation problems, demonstrate that dictionaries do not always offer the most appropriate word and therefore apparently simpler problems need to be resolved through other resources, offer guidelines for future professionals to help them develop their own translation tools in accordance with their needs and those of the target audience of the translation.
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This best-selling dictionary is an authoritative and comprehensive source of jargon-free legal information. It contains over 4,700 entries that clearly define the major terms, concepts, processes, and the organization of the English legal system.Entries have been fully updated for this edition to incorporate the latest legislation, including entries on foreign national offenders, Police and Crime Commissioners, corporate manslaughter, and settlement agreements, and there is a useful Writing and Citation Guide that specifically addresses problems and established conventions for writing legal essays and reports. Now providing more information than ever before, this edition features recommended web links for many entries, which are accessed and kept up to date via the Dictionary of Law companion website.Described by leading university lecturers as, "the best law dictionary" and, "excellent for non-law students as well as law undergraduates", this classic dictionary is an invaluable source of legal reference for professionals, students, and anyone else needing succinct clarification of legal terms. Focusing primarily on English law, it also provides a one-stop source of information for any of the many countries that base their legal system on English law.
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The production of terminology dictionaries including Galician as a working language has undergone significant development since 1980. Recent Galician terminographic work, generated within the linguistic normalization process, has been analyzed in publications in which this fact is related to language planning (e.g.Rodríguez Río 1996; Galanes 2003). Meanwhile, theoretical changes have occurred in terminology science, especially since Cabré 1999a, incorporating a social and communicative perspective into the treatment of terminological units. These innovations are being reflected in current applied work on terminology, especially with regard to how the relationship between terms and concepts is formulated (synonymy, polysemy, etc.), variation in terms and concepts, and the choice of sources of terminology, which are now corpus-based. The time has come for a re-evaluation of Galician terminography work in the light of these new developments, taking into account the new communicative perspective and aiming at interlingual mediation, with special attention to the quality of dictionaries. For this purpose, we have designed an evaluation system based on international indicators (Pointer 1995), communicatively oriented methods and the latest international standards (ISO) on terminographic work. The results findings of this study will affect the design of such workin the future.
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Apresenta-se neste trabalho um estudo sobre neologismos no vocabulário da repressão no período da ditadura no Brasil (1964-1985). Este estudo enquadra-se, do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, no modelo da lexicologia social de Georges Matoré e tomam-se como corpus para a presente análise Inquéritos Policiais Militares (IPMs) do Departamento de Ordem Política e Social de Minas Gerais (DOPS-MG) produzidos no referido período. A pesquisa revelou que: (a) o campo nocional mais saliente no corpus tem como palavra-chave comunista, gravitando em seu entorno um amplo conjunto de itens lexicais a ela relacionados (tais como esquerdista, clandestino, panfletagem, revolução, luta, camarada, simpatizante, militante, doutrinário, ideológico, sistema, estrutura), que, na nomenclatura de Matoré são chamados de palavras-testemunho; e (b) manifestam-se nesse campo nocional sobretudo neologismos de forma (como pelego-comunista e comuno-subversivo). Seguindo a orientação da lexicologia social, buscou-se uma explicação de natureza sociológica para esses neologismos e algumas idiossincrasias sugerem interferência linguística do inglês, fato compatível com a realidade da época, em que havia um estreito laço de cooperação entre o governo americano e o aparato policial mineiro, manifesto pela presença em Belo Horizonte de agente americano para treinamento de policiais locais e por treinamento destes em centros especializados nos Estados Unidos. Apesar do caráter experimental deste estudo-piloto sobre o vocabulário da repressão, obtiveram-se indícios relevantes de que uma tal abordagem tem muito a contribuir para a compreensão das relações entre mudanças no léxico e mudanças na sociedade, revelando-se, assim, o estudo do léxico como ferramenta de interesse para reconstituição de realidades sociais passadas.
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